A Pet Parent’s Guide to a Healthy, Protected Pup
Vaccinating your dog is one of the most important steps you can take to ensure a long, healthy, and happy life for your furry companion. Vaccines help protect dogs from potentially deadly diseases, some of which can also be transmitted to humans. Whether you’re a new puppy parent or caring for an adult dog, understanding the vaccination schedule is key.
In this guide, we’ll explain what vaccines your dog needs, when to give them, and how to keep your pet safe year-round.
Just like human babies, puppies are born with temporary immunity from their mother’s milk. But this protection fades within weeks. That’s why vaccines start early—usually at 6–8 weeks of age—and are given in a series to build strong immunity.
Here’s a typical puppy vaccination schedule:
|
Age (in weeks) |
Vaccine(s) Given |
|
6–8 weeks |
DHPP (Distemper, Hepatitis, Parvovirus, Parainfluenza) – 1st dose |
|
9–11 weeks |
DHPP – 2nd dose + optional non-core vaccines (e.g., Bordetella) |
|
12–14 weeks |
DHPP – 3rd dose + Rabies (mandatory in most regions) |
|
1 year |
Rabies (1-year or 3-year) + DHPP booster + Non-core if needed |
Always consult your veterinarian for region-specific risks and customized timing.
Core vaccines are considered vital for all dogs regardless of age, breed, or lifestyle. These vaccines protect against diseases that are widespread, contagious, and potentially fatal.
2.1 Canine Distemper Virus (CDV)
Distemper affects the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems. It is highly contagious and often fatal. Puppies are especially at risk, and survivors may have lifelong neurological problems.
2.2 Canine Parvovirus (CPV)
Parvo is a deadly virus that causes severe vomiting, bloody diarrhea, and dehydration. It spreads through contaminated surfaces and is resistant to many disinfectants. Vaccination is the only reliable protection.
2.3 Canine Adenovirus (CAV-2)
This vaccine protects against infectious hepatitis and helps prevent respiratory disease. Hepatitis in dogs can lead to fever, abdominal pain, liver damage, and death.
2.4 Parainfluenza Virus
While not usually fatal, this virus contributes to kennel cough and spreads quickly in environments like kennels and shelters.
These four are often combined in a single DHPP (or 5-in-1) vaccine.
Not every dog needs every vaccine. Non-core vaccines are given based on your dog’s environment, travel habits, and exposure risks.
Here are the most common non-core vaccines:
4.1 Leptospirosis
Caused by bacteria found in water and soil, Leptospirosis can damage the kidneys and liver. It can also infect humans (zoonotic). It’s more common in tropical areas or rainy climates.
Recommended for: Dogs living in or traveling to rural or flood-prone areas.
4.2 Bordetella bronchiseptica (Kennel Cough)
Highly contagious respiratory infection spread through close contact—often seen in dog parks, kennels, or grooming salons.
Recommended for: Social dogs, boarding dogs, or dogs visiting pet salons.
4.3 Canine Influenza (Dog Flu)
This flu-like virus spreads through coughing and sneezing. Outbreaks are unpredictable, but vaccination may help reduce severity.
Recommended for: Dogs in cities or high-risk zones.
4.4 Lyme Disease
Caused by ticks, Lyme disease can lead to joint pain, lethargy, and kidney issues. Vaccination is helpful in tick-infested regions.
Recommended for: Dogs in hilly, wooded, or grassy areas where ticks are common.
- Vaccination
The single most important tool to prevent FMD is regular vaccination of all susceptible animals.
- Government of India under NADCP provides free FMD vaccination every 6 months
- All cattle and buffaloes above 4 months of age should be vaccinated
- Sheep, goats, and pigs should also be included where feasible
- Use only government-approved vaccines
- Maintain vaccination records and ear tagging
🔔 Important Note: Immunity from FMD vaccine does not last lifelong. Booster doses every 6 months are required to maintain protective immunity.
Even if your dog is fully vaccinated as a puppy, immunity doesn’t last forever. Regular booster shots are needed to maintain protection. Core vaccines usually require boosters every 1 to 3 years.
During your dog’s annual wellness visit, your vet will evaluate which vaccines need repeating and if any new vaccines are necessary based on lifestyle changes.
Is vaccination safe?
Yes. Mild side effects like low energy, swelling at the injection site, or mild fever are common and temporary. Severe reactions are extremely rare.
What if I missed a shot?
Don’t panic. Visit your vet as soon as possible—they may adjust the schedule and restart the series if necessary.
Can older dogs get vaccinated?
Absolutely. Adult and senior dogs still need vaccines. Your vet will tailor a schedule depending on age and health condition.
Vaccinating your dog is more than just a routine—it’s an act of love and responsibility. It prevents suffering, protects other animals, and can even save human lives. Keep a vaccination record and always consult your vet for personalized advice.
Remember: A vaccinated dog is a protected dog. Let’s keep our pets—and our families—safe.
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